Cartogram

http://cscs.umich.edu/~crshalizi/election/
A cartogram is a map that depicts some thematic mapping variable (i.e, travel time, Gross National/Domestic Product, etc.), instead of land area or distance. The original geometry and space associated with the geological features is thus distorted to properly convey the new variable's information. There are two types of cartograms: area and distance cartograms. Area cartograms are generally used to map things like population, while distance cartograms are used more for relative travel times and directions.
The cartogram above distorted the shape of the United States to depict the 2004 presidential election results by party (Democratic or Republican).